Co-Inoculation by Spraying on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Under Vegetative Phase

Gustavo De Souza Toniato,Wesley Ribeiro Rivadavea,Pedro Henrique Riboldi Monteiro,Glacy Jaqueline Da Silva,Odair Alberton,Álvaro Andrade Baena Aguilar,Juliane Destro De Lima

doi:10.5296/jas.v8i3.16824

Abstract

The use of inoculants revolutionized the soybean production system, increasing grain production, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, and costs. The inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the co-inoculation with more than one type of microorganisms are recommended directly in the seed or in the planting furrow, with high efficiency, bringing beneficial results related to the increase in the number of nodules and improvements in the physiology of the soybean plants. In order to increase productivity bringing new methods of using these microorganisms, this study aimed to evaluate the development of soybean culture under co-inoculation by spraying with Azospirilum brasilense and B. japonicum was carried out, in the vegetative stage. One field experiment was conducted from September to January, harvest of 2018/2019, in the commercial area under no-tillage. The evaluated treatments were: Control (C) without microorganisms; T1 (6x108 mL-1 of A. brasilense and 0 of B. japonicum); T2 (6x108 mL-1 of A. brasilense and 6x109 mL-1 of B. japonicum); T3 (12x108 mL-1 of A. brasilense and 0 of B. japonicum); and T4 (12x108 mL-1 of A. brasilense and 12x109 mL-1 of B. japonicum). The results showed that there was an increase in the number and matter of nodules, plant height, number of pods and grains in the T4 treatment, showing a significant difference mainly in relation to the control. It was concluded that co-inoculation with B. japonicum and A. brasilense by spraying in the vegetative stage proved to be efficient, demonstrating the potential use of this technique.

Highlights

1.1 Soybean and the NitrogenSoybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the main commodities in the world
One of the reasons that make soybean commercially viable is the use of inoculants based on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by diazotrophic bacteria (Galindo et al, 2018)
With BNF technology and the use of the seed inoculation technique, it is possible to save about 3 billion dollars annually, maintaining excellent productivity (Hungria et al 2005), since the bacteria supply the nitrogen needs required by the plant

Summary

Introduction

1.1 Soybean and the NitrogenSoybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the main commodities in the world. The soybean cultivation for grain production aims the multiple uses of agribusiness, such as production of vegetable oil, animal feed, chemical and food industry, in addition to being an alternative source of biofuel (Khomina et al, 2020). One of the reasons that make soybean commercially viable is the use of inoculants based on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by diazotrophic bacteria (Galindo et al, 2018). Nitrogen is the most required nutrient for soybean, and the crop is very dependent on nitrogen fertilizers (Erdiansyah et al, 2020). With BNF technology and the use of the seed inoculation technique, it is possible to save about 3 billion dollars annually, maintaining excellent productivity (Hungria et al 2005), since the bacteria supply the nitrogen needs required by the plant

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Methods

Results