Co-expression of mutant and normal human insulin receptors in COS 7 cells

Abstract

In order to assess the interference of the mutant insulin proreceptor on normal receptor function and formation of proreceptor-receptor heterotrimers (αβ-proreceptor), COS 7 cells were transfected with the same amount of expression plasmid (pGEM3SV) containing wild-type, a mutant proreceptor cDNA and both, using the DEAE-dextran method. Scatchard analysis of insulin binding data revealed that there was an approx. 50-fold higher receptor concentration in the transfected cells than in untransfected cells. After 0.025% trypsin treatment, insulin binding to the cells expressed with wild-type, proreceptor and both increased by 1-fold, 2.9-fold and 1.5-fold of the untreated cells, respectively. In the presence of 167 nM insulin, the amounts of phosphate incorporated into the 95 kDa protein β-subunits and 210 kDa proreceptors from co-transfected cells, were identical to those of an in vitro mixture of the wild-type and the mutant receptors. At 10 nM insulin, the proreceptors from co-transfected cells normally autophosphorylated by insulin stimulation, whereas those mixed in vitro did not (73.3 ± 9.3 vs. 29.6 ± 2.6% of the maximal effect, n = 4, P < 0.01). However, at a similar concentration of insulin, the phosphate incorporation into Glu-80/Tyr-20 polymers by receptors from co-transfected cells was decreased when compared with a in vitro mixture (9.0 ± 2.6 vs. 22.5 ± 6.7% of the maximal effect at 4 nM, n = 6, P < 0.01), although the basal and maximally stimulated phosphate incorporation were comparable among these groups. These results suggested that similar amounts of both receptor types were expressed and heterotrimers might be formed resulting that a partially activated proreceptor could interfere with normal receptor kinase activity in the co-transfected cells.