Co-encapsulation of vitamin D and rutin in chitosan-zein microparticles

Fideline Laure Tchuenbou-Magaia,Marco Giarola,Roberta Tolve,Uchechukwu Anyadike,Fabio Favati

doi:10.1007/s11694-022-01340-2

Fideline Laure Tchuenbou-Magaia, Marco Giarola + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01340-2

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Abstract

There is a growing interest in co-encapsulating multiple species to harness potential synergy between them, enhance their stability and efficacy in various products. The aim of this work was to co-encapsulate vitamin D3 and rutin inside chitosan-zein microparticles using a simple and easily scalable process for food fortification. This was achieved via anti-solvent precipitation coupled with spray-drying. Free-flowing powders of spherical microparticles with wrinkled surface and particle size < 10 μm were obtained. The encapsulation efficiency was 75% for vitamin D3 and 44% for rutin and this could be attributed to their different molecular size and affinity to the aqueous phase. The physicochemical properties were characterized by X-Ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The two crystalline bioactive compounds were present in the microparticles in amorphous form, which would allow for better bioavailability when compared to non-encapsulated crystalline solid. Therefore, the obtained microparticles would be suitable for use as food ingredient for vitamin D3 fortification, with the co-encapsulated rutin acting as stability and activity enhancer.

Highlights

Vitamin D is a lipophilic molecule crucial for calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, bone mineralization and needful for preventing and protecting against a variety of nonskeletal disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, glucose metabolism, mood disorders, muscular function, tuberculosis, and colorectal adenomas [1]
Vitamin D3 and rutin have been co-encapsulated in chitosanzein microparticles via anti-solvent precipitation by continuous addition of an aqueous-ethanol solution of zein, containing the active compounds, into an aqueous chitosan solution, followed by spray drying
The ability of the spray drying process to generate droplets of suspension of zein particles in chitosan, which, in contact with hot gas current instantaneously dried to form a powder of chitosan-zein particles embedded in a chitosan matrix, contribute to the success microencapsulation process

Summary

Introduction

Vitamin D is a lipophilic molecule crucial for calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, bone mineralization and needful for preventing and protecting against a variety of nonskeletal disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, glucose metabolism, mood disorders, muscular function, tuberculosis, and colorectal adenomas [1]. Several studies evidenced the link between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of respiratory tract infections, influenza [2] increase in the duration of hospital stay, disease harshness, and greater mortality risk for COVID-19 patients [3]. This important role of vitamin D is attributed to its implication in the modulation and regulation of the immune and oxidative response alongside its direct antiviral effects against enveloped viruses such as coronavirus [4].

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