Abstract
This article examines the topic of participatory design processes (co‐design, co‐creativity, co‐creation, and co‐production) as tools to promote models of inclusion that benefit people experiencing marginality, and as means to solicit the public dimension of the spaces in which they live and where they have access to their health and welfare services. The topic is addressed through four case studies drawn from the experience of participatory action research aiming at social inclusion and cohesion through an approach based on design anthropology. Following Jones and VanPatter’s (2009) four design domains (DD), the projects discussed in this article are the following: participatory design of devices for people with multiple sclerosis (DD 1.0); participatory renovation of shelters for homeless people (DD 2.0); design and craft led lab aiming at social inclusion (DD 3.0); and innovation of public services for a city homeless population (DD 4.0). All these projects are driven by stakeholders’ demands for a transformation that improves the quality of users’ lives, the quality of caring services, and that they modify, temporarily or permanently, the venues where they take place. In order to support and facilitate this “desire for change,” the projects are based on wide participation and collaboration between many different stakeholders in every phase of their design processes. Methods, tools, and results will be analysed from the points of view of both users (beneficiaries and social operators/caregivers) and designers. Furthermore, the interaction between spaces, co‐design processes, and attendees will be investigated to determine how they contribute to turning those venues into citizenship environments, permeated with greater care and attention.
Highlights
As a research group of designers, anthropologists, and sociologists, we have been experimenting with par‐ ticipatory projects and inclusive social models since 2009, addressing, among others, issues such as hous‐ ing, access to food, health, and independent living, cit‐ izen participation, and social cohesion (Campagnaro, 2021b; Campagnaro & Ceraolo, 2020; Campagnaro & Di Prima, 2018a; Campagnaro et al, 2021; Campagnaro, Social Inclusion, 2021, Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages 130–142Porcellana, et al, 2018; Passaro et al, 2021; Porcellana & Campagnaro, 2018, 2019a)
Our action research led according to both a par‐ ticipatory (McIntyre, 2008) and a design anthropol‐ ogy approach (Gunn & Donovan, 2012; Porcellana & Campagnaro, 2019b; Porcellana et al, 2017, 2020), has a transformative attitude and it places the individuals at the centre of the project
The first deals with the transformations that they imple‐ ment in response to specific problems, while the sec‐ ond deals with how these transformations are functional to an attentive process of reading and decoding reality
Summary
As a research group of designers, anthropologists, and sociologists, we have been experimenting with par‐ ticipatory projects and inclusive social models since 2009, addressing, among others, issues such as hous‐ ing, access to food, health, and independent living, cit‐ izen participation, and social cohesion (Campagnaro, 2021b; Campagnaro & Ceraolo, 2020; Campagnaro & Di Prima, 2018a; Campagnaro et al, 2021; Campagnaro, Social Inclusion, 2021, Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages 130–142Porcellana, et al, 2018; Passaro et al, 2021; Porcellana & Campagnaro, 2018, 2019a). Our action research led according to both a par‐ ticipatory (McIntyre, 2008) and a design anthropol‐ ogy approach (Gunn & Donovan, 2012; Porcellana & Campagnaro, 2019b; Porcellana et al, 2017, 2020), has a transformative attitude and it places the individuals at the centre of the project. It enhances their abilities and skills within a network of further resources and com‐ petences of which they can take advantage. We will inves‐ tigate them via four case studies drawn from the experi‐ ence of our action research, which we have carried out in several Italian cities: We design together with people in marginality, front line workers, caregivers, service man‐ agers, and will focus both on methodological analysis and on the transformations implemented
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