Abstract
Peanut, (Arachis hypogaea L.) cvar. C76-16, was grown either in the field, or in open gas exchange chambers under elevated or ambient CO2 concentrations. Stomatal density and other selected epidermal parameters associated with leaf development and gas exchange were measured on recently fully expanded canopy leaves. It was hypothesized that exclusion of solar UV by chambers would affect stomatal density, but no clear statistically significant chamber effect on stomatal density was found. However, elevated [CO2] did lead to a reduction in both adaxial and abaxial stomatal developmental initiation and in stomatal density. Since each stomate was bounded by companion cells resulting from developmental events, non-random stomatal spacing as the “one cell spacing rule” appears to result from ontogeny rather than a long hypothesized chemical signal inhibiting adjacent meristemoid differentiation into guard cells. A method of visualizing epidermal patterns is also described.
Highlights
IntroductionThe rate, extent, effects, and causes, of global climate change remain contentious
Plants emerged on Day of Year (DOY) (>50% emergence) and on DOY locations along the rows were selected and open flow-through Canopy Evapo-Transpiration and Assimilation (CETA) cuvettes [8] [9] [10] were placed over 1 m of row
The total stomatal density, that is, the numbers of stoma on both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces per square millimeter of leaf are shown in the lower right inset of Figure 2 to aid in visualization of the magnitude of the differences illustrated by the selected micrographs
Summary
The rate, extent, effects, and causes, of global climate change remain contentious. Gitz III et al 350 issues, especially with regard to the role of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions [1]. Regardless of the relative contribution of anthropogenic greenhouse gases to climatic variation, there is unambiguous evidence that a near consistent increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration has occurred over the past half century of monitoring [2]. How crops will respond to increasing atmospheric [CO2], both alone and in conjunction with stressors such as drought and high ambient temperature, continues to be an active area of investigation
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