CMOS-Based Phase Fluorometric Oxygen Sensor System

Abstract

The design and development of a phase fluorometric oxygen (O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sub> ) sensor system using single-chip CMOS detection and processing integrated circuit (DPIC) and sol-gel derived xerogel thin-film sensor elements is described. The sensor system determines analyte concentrations using the excited state lifetime measurements of an O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -sensitive luminophore (tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10- phenathroline)ruthenium (II)) embedded in the xerogel matrix. A light emitting diode (LED) is used as the excitation source, and the fluorescence is detected by the DPIC using a 16times16 phototransistor array on-chip. The DPIC also consists of a current mirror, current-to-voltage converter, amplifier, bandpass filter, and phase detector. The DPIC output is a dc voltage that corresponds to the detected fluorescence phase shift. With a 14-kHz modulation frequency, the entire system including driving the LED consumes 80 mW of average power. The sensor system provides stable, reproducible, analytically reliable, and fast response (~20 s) to changes in the gaseous oxygen concentrations and establishes the viability for low cost, low power and miniaturized biochemical sensor systems