CML-329: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Results in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Single Center Experience

Abstract

Context Two decades ago, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved the outcome and overall survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and changed the use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in this setting. Still, allo-HSCT remains the treatment of choice for patients diagnosed and/ or progressed to advanced phase (accelerated and blastic phase) and who have failed and/or are intolerant to multiple TKIs. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcome in 19 patients who were referred for this procedure to The Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute. Design Retrospective single-center case series. Setting The Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania. Patients We analyzed the records of 19 CML patients who underwent allo-HSCT between 2012–2020 in the Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of Fundeni Clinical Institute. Results Median time from CML diagnosis to allo-SCT was 34 months. Out of 19 CML patients, 6 patients were in the first chronic phase (CP), and 13 patients were in the second or later CP. TKI resistance was the most common transplant indication. Mutation status was positive in two patients. TKI intolerance was present in six patients. Out of 19 CML patients, 14 patients survived the transplantation procedure and achieved major molecular response (MMR). Conclusions Allo-HSCT still represents an important therapeutic option in CML, especially for patients diagnosed or/and progressed to advanced phase or are resistant or/and intolerant to TKI treatment.