Abstract
In this paper, an optimal coordinated multipoint beamforming (CMBF) scheme is proposed for heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems for energy efficiency (EE), taking into account the maximum transmission power of the base station (BS) with the limitation on the power consumption of the static circuit. This paper analyzes the influence of the different parameters on the EE and derives a closed-form expression. We investigate the different cooperation schemes, considering the influence of the number of antennas of small base station (SBS) and macro base station (MBS), the quality of service (QoS), and the number of different service users. Therefore, the best parameters can be selected for optimizing EE with the different scenarios in HetNets with massive MIMO systems. Theoretical derivation and simulations show that the amount of BS antennas, achievable rate constraints, quantity of service users, and cooperative schemes all have the vital influences on the EE for the CMBF design. Therefore, the proposed optimization framework enables us to identify key system parameters, and obtain the better system design for the massive MIMO HetNets.
Highlights
With the dramatic increase in the amount of user data in wireless communication systems, mobile users are increasing their demand for multimedia services such as superdefinition video, and wireless network traffic is showing an explosive growth trend [1]
6 Conclusion and future work In this paper, we studied the EE of dual-layer heterogeneous coordinated multipoint networks with massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO)
Research shows that the combination of massive MIMO and small base station (SBS) deployment can effectively improve the EE
Summary
With the dramatic increase in the amount of user data in wireless communication systems, mobile users are increasing their demand for multimedia services such as superdefinition video, and wireless network traffic is showing an explosive growth trend [1]. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and massive MIMO cellular systems are considered to be effective means of increasing the wireless network capacity, data rates, and energy efficiency (EE) required for 5G system [4,5,6]. Though existing coordinated beamforming algorithms have been devoted to employing EE, none of them considers the different achievable rate requirements, quantity of service users, and the cooperative schemes. The traditional CMBF often ignores the static circuit power consumption, while some studies under the condition of fixed system parameters such as antenna number, achievable rate. The EE optimization algorithms considering the different cooperative SBSs, the antenna numbers of the SBS and MBS, achievable rate requirements, and the number of users are proposed. ; ð2Þ the channel from the jth base station to the kth user is represented as hj, k, which is complex Gaussian distribution ( mean of zero and variance of 1). h0;k ∈C 1ÂNBS ; h j;k ∈ C 1ÂNS ; j 1⁄4 1; :::; S
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