Abstract
Sperm whales (Physter macrocephalus) produce echolocation clicks composed of several pulses while searching for food when diving. The clicks are composed of segments three of which are: the p0 pulse (3 kHz to 15 kHz), the p1 pulse (3 kHz to 15 kHz), and the Low Frequency (LF) signal (<3 kHz) (Zimmer, 2005). The LF signal is omnidirectional in nature unlike the p1 pulse which is very directional. The power in the LF signal recorded by a single hydrophone is a function of the distance of the whale from the hydrophone and the source level of the whale. The power contained in the LF portion of the clicks can be used to assign clicking whales to groups with each group consisting of a least one individual. The inter-pulse interval (IPI) can then be used to determine the lengths of the whales in each cluster adding confidence to the estimated number of whales producing the clicks. Continuous Wavelet Transforms are used with underwater acoustic data recorded in the Gulf of Mexico in 2015 to determine the power of the LF signal, the length of the clicking whale and the alignment of the acoustical axis of the whale with the hydrophone.
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