Abstract
In order to satisfy the requirement of high throughput in most UAV applications, the potential of integrating millimeter wave (mmWave) communications with UAV networks is explored in this paper. A tractable three-dimensional (3D) spatial model is proposed for evaluating the average downlink performance of UAV networks at mmWave bands, where the locations of UAVs and users are randomly distributed with the aid of a Poisson cluster process. Moreover, an actual 3D antenna model with the uniform planar array is deployed at all UAVs to examine the impact of both azimuth and elevation angles. Based on this framework and two typical user selection schemes, closed-form approximation equations of the evaluated coverage probability and area spectral efficiency (ASE) are derived. In a noise-limited scenario, an exact expression is provided, which theoretically demonstrates that a large scale of antenna elements is able to enhance the coverage performance. Regarding the altitude of UAVs, there exists at least one optimal height for maximizing the coverage probability. Numerical results verify the proposed insight that non-line-of-sight transmission caused by obstacles have negligible effects on the proposed system. Another interesting result is that the ASE can be maximized by optimizing both the targeted data rate and the density of UAVs.
Highlights
T HANKS to the low cost and high mobility, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks have kindled the strong attention of academia recently [2]
We propose a new framework for analyzing the coverage performance and area spectral efficiency (ASE) of millimeter wave (mmWave)-enabled UAV networks
This paper has investigated SINR coverage performance and ASE for clustered UAV networks with mmWave communications, where all users are modeled as a typical Poisson Cluster Process (PCP) and UAVs are located above each cluster centers with a fixed hight
Summary
T HANKS to the low cost and high mobility, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks have kindled the strong attention of academia recently [2]. Concerning the coverage enhancing ability, UAVs are capable of offering temporary connections to uncovered devices efficiently This situation is frequently caused by damaged BSs, severe shadowing, Manuscript received June 6, 2019; revised October 5, 2019, January 9, 2020, and March 6, 2020; accepted March 6, 2020. The joint optimization of spectrum allocation, user association, and content distribution in UAV systems is studied in [9] Benefited by these abilities, UAV networks are frequently designed for transmitting control commands and large data packages (e.g., videos) to users [5]. Most UAV systems require fast responses and high data rate links To this end, millimeter wave (mmWave) with massive available bandwidth resources becomes an ideal carrier frequency candidate. Considering the height of transceivers, a three-dimensional (3D) urban scenario was analyzed in [17], which propounded a tractable transmission model
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