Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and its Associated Protein- 9: Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Applications

Abstract

<p style="text-align: justify;">Genomic editing, which involves modifying genetic DNA at a specific target site, is now being sought by scientists all over the world in a variety of domains. To achieve the desired result, genome editing entails adding, removing, and exchanging DNA in a wide variety of cell types of organisms (inactivation of target genes, correction of malfunctioning genes, acquiring new genetic traits, etc.). CRISPR-Cas9 systems are gradually being recognized for their simple design, high efficiency, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness in achieving such precise genome editing. CRISPR-Cas9 has shown to be a game-changing method for gene editing in a variety of animals and cell types. However, due to its low transfection effectiveness, this technique&rsquo;s clinical usefulness is limited the review article focuses on the development of CRISPR-Cas9, the procedure involved, and the medical applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in various disorders, with an acknowledgment of the various physical, non-viral, and viral methods for transferring CRISPRCas9 systems to mammalian cells, as well as a few of them in clinical trials. <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Drug delivery, Gene editing, Carriers, Clinical trials, DNA.