Cluster radioactivity: analysis, forecast, new factors of slowing the decay of atomic nuclei

Abstract

Some regularities of cluster decays are revealed, which make it possible to predict the existence of a large number of medium, heavy and, possibly, superheavy f-active nuclei. The stability of the majority of non-magic nuclides (products of cluster radioactivity) is explained by the simultaneous action of the already known factors slowing (stabilizing) the radioactive decays of atomic nuclei and some additional factors. Among the additional factors, a weakly expressed effect of pairing of α-particles in light nuclei can be noted. In some cases, an additional particle (neutron, proton or light cluster) contributes to the stability of the nucleus by intensifying the forces of mutual nuclear attraction. Compact arrangement of α-clusters in another additional factor stabilizing the nuclei. One more factor is associated with compact placement of neutrons (possibly paired) between α-clusters within the of light nuclei.