Abstract
The subject of research in this paper is higher-education competitiveness on account of its impact on the enhancement of social and economic competitiveness, as well as on the growth of human capital and creation of social knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to group the selected European countries according to higher-education competitiveness, by means of the hierarchical cluster analysis method, with a special focus on the position of Serbia. Higher-education competitiveness in the chosen countries is analysed by means of three indicators of competitiveness: the ratio of the number of students per number of inhabitants, the number of students per number of employed, as well as the amount of budgetary funds allocated per student. The research results indicate different higher-education competitiveness in the analysed countries and also the fact that, according to this analysis, Serbia is in the group of countries with low competitiveness of higher education.
Highlights
Within the European higher-education field, special attention is placed on the international competitiveness of the European system of higher education (The Bologna Declaration of 19 June 1999)
This is motivated by the fact that the development of higher education is fundamental for the growth of social and economic development, and as such is given a prominent place in Europe and worldwide
The higher-education systems in the above-mentioned highly developed countries are directed towards outcomes, and the quality and competitiveness values in higher-education institutions are based on measuring the higher-education system performance, in terms of the level of exploited capacity, quality of research and lecturers
Summary
Within the European higher-education field, special attention is placed on the international competitiveness of the European system of higher education (The Bologna Declaration of 19 June 1999). This is motivated by the fact that the development of higher education is fundamental for the growth of social and economic development, and as such is given a prominent place in Europe and worldwide. In the area of economic development, higher education contributes to the increase of productivity and competitiveness, primarily through the growth of human capital. In other words, it helps create better-educated, qualified professionals.
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