Abstract
Abstract The Xinjiang province of China is vulnerable to drought, but the occurrence of drought varies substantially among different sub-areas. This study investigated drought characteristics in Xinjiang province and its sub-area using the Mann–Kendall trend test, cluster analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis. The results show that drought in Xinjiang is generally becoming less severe, and there is a non-uniform spatial variation of drought, which is especially pronounced for stations in northern Xinjiang. There is a unique spatiotemporal distribution trend of drought in Xinjiang, and the inter-decadal variation of drought shows a gradual shift from the east to the west and then back to the east again over the past 55 years. Northern Xinjiang is becoming wetter at a faster rate compared with that of southern Xinjiang, and it also has a higher occurrence of change point sites (70%). The historical drought situation in Xinjiang is better characterized by three clusters. Cluster 1 is the driest, cluster 2 has a clear alleviating tendency of drought, while cluster 3 shows late occurrence of change point. A broader view of the accumulated variation of drought is formulated in this study, which may help to identify potential droughts to support drought disaster management and mitigation.
Highlights
Drought is characterized by a negative water balance originating from a deficiency of precipitation or a lack of available water resources for an extended period of time (Wilhite & Glantz )
Three main clusters can be obtained using the K-means clustering based on drought, which are largely associated with the topography and climate of the region
This study investigated drought characteristics in Xinjiang province and its sub-areas using MK test, cluster analysis, and Morlet wavelet analysis
Summary
Drought is characterized by a negative water balance originating from a deficiency of precipitation or a lack of available water resources for an extended period of time (Wilhite & Glantz ). It has become an increasingly serious problem with detrimental environmental and socioeconomic consequences. An increase in frequency and severity of drought is expected in the future due to climate changes, and the spatiotemporal variability of drought at global and regional scales has become a topic of considerable research interest. Numerous regional studies have been conducted to analyze the spatiotemporal variability of drought (Lewis et al ; Gosling )
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