Abstract
BackgroundThis study compares and analyzes the differences of residents’ medical economic burden in different economic levels, explores the factors for improving the equity of health services in Guangdong, China.MethodsCluster analysis was carried out in 20 cities of Guangdong Province by taking 7 key factors on the equity of health services as indicators. Seven key factors were collected from Guangdong Statistical Yearbook 2017 and the Sixth National Population Census. R-type clustering was used to reduce the dimensionality of 7 candidate variables through similarity index. Q-type clustering was used to classify 20 cities in Guangdong Province.ResultsThe cluster analysis divided Guangdong Province into three regions with different medical economic burden. The greater the proportion of the elderly over 65 years old, the greater the proportion of health care expenditure to per capita consumer expenditure of residents, and the heavier the medical economic burden. On average, 10.75% of the general budget expenditure of each city in Guangdong Province is spent on health care.ConclusionsThe lower per capita GDP, the higher proportion of the elderly over 65 years old and the lack of medical technicians are risk factors for the heavier medical burden of the residents and the fairness of health services. While increasing the health expenditure, the government needs to further complete the reform of the medical and health system, improve the efficiency of the medical system and curb the rapid rise of absolute health expenditures of individuals, which can reduce the economic burden of residents’ medical care.
Highlights
This study compares and analyzes the differences of residents’ medical economic burden in different economic levels, explores the factors for improving the equity of health services in Guangdong, China
A review of global health financing shown that per capita health expenditure in high-income countries reached $5252 in 2016, compared with $40 in low-income countries. The former is 130 times higher than the latter, and it is estimated that the ratio will remain at a similar level by 2050, which indicates that there is obvious inequity in health services among regions with different economic levels [3]
Per capita gross domestic product (GDP), the proportion of urban population and the number of medical technical personnel per 1000 permanent population are from Guangdong Statistical Yearbook 2017; Per capita disposable income of permanent households, proportion of expenditure for medical and health care to local government general budgetary expenditure, and the proportion of health care expenditure to per capita consumer expenditure are from the Statistical Yearbook 2017 of each city
Summary
This study compares and analyzes the differences of residents’ medical economic burden in different economic levels, explores the factors for improving the equity of health services in Guangdong, China. A review of global health financing shown that per capita health expenditure in high-income countries reached $5252 in 2016, compared with $40 in low-income countries The former is 130 times higher than the latter, and it is estimated that the ratio will remain at a similar level by 2050, which indicates that there is obvious inequity in health services among regions with different economic levels [3]. For Urban Non employment residents, including the elderly, children and other non-employment groups, the pilot project started in 2007, and the basic medical insurance system for urban residents was formally established in 2011, and its financing mode and operation mechanism are similar to those of the new rural cooperative medical system. After 2013, China’s basic medical insurance system covering the whole people has been basically finalized, and gradually explored the city level overall planning at the overall planning level
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