Abstract
The last commercial herbicides to introduce a new mechanism of action were the HPPD inhibitors launched more than 20 years ago. There is a growing need for new mechanisms of action because of the increasing evolution of target site-based herbicide resistance in weeds. Natural compounds have been and continue to be good sources of new herbicide molecular target sites. In the past, glufosinate and the triketone herbicides were derived from natural compounds and introduced important new mechanisms of action. In particular, plant pathogens are good sources of phytotoxins. The mechanisms of action of natural product phytotoxins, such as leptospermone, tentoxin, actinonin, hydantocidin, thaxtomin, coronatine, AAL-toxin, and other natural products or natural product derivatives are discussed. These examples provide proof that plants can be killed with compounds that inhibit enzymes that are not among the twenty molecular target sites of currently used herbicides.
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