Abstract
Aneco-friendly, simple and very sensitive method was developed for preconcentration and determination of clonazepam (CLO) in pharmaceutical dosage forms using cloud point extraction (CPE) technique. The method is based on cloud point extraction of product from oxidative coupling between reduced CLO and phloroglucinol (PHG) using Triton X-114 as surfactant. The product was extracted by micelles of the non-ionic surfactant (TritonX-114) and subsequently detected spectrophotometrically at specific 543 nm. Under optimal conditions, the linearity of calibration curve was in the range of 0.3-25 µg/mL of CLO (r = 0.9994). Average recoveries for samples were determined to be between 96-101%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 3.0 µg/mL of CLO was (2.5%). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.11 and 0.37 µg/mL respectively. The suggested method was applied successfully for determination of CLO in commercial tablets. KEY WORDS : Clonazepam, Cloud point extraction, Triton X-114 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2017 , 31(3), 373-382. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v31i3.2
Highlights
Clonazpam, (chemically named; 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin2-one) is a benzodiazepine, which in general prescribed for epilepsy, anxiety and insomnia
Various methods have been reported for determining CLO in either pharmaceutical forms or biological fluids, including RP-HPLC [4,5,6], automated solid phase extraction-liquid chromatograghy-tandem quadruple mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS in blood [7], chemiluminescence [8], capillary electrophoresis [9], voltammetry [10], silver nanoparticles/multi walled carbon nanotubes modified electrode [11] and flow injection spectrophotometry techniques [12,13,14]
Spectrophotometric technique combined with cloud point extraction (CPE) is still provided attractive features in routine analyses of metals and organic compounds in many matrices as an alternative of using an expensive instrumentations mentioned above [15, 16]
Summary
Clonazpam, (chemically named; 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin2-one) is a benzodiazepine, which in general prescribed for epilepsy, anxiety and insomnia. In a 10 mL volumetric flask, an amount of CLO standard or sample solution matched within calibration range, 1.5 mL of PHG solution (0.005 M), 0.1 mL of oxidant (0.1 M), and 1 mL of Triton X-114 (10% v/v) were added, mixed and dilute with to mark with water.
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