Abstract
Cloud point curves have been determined for various concentrations of aqueous solutions of poly( N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) in the presence of a variety of denaturing agents (e.g. thiourea, guanidinium chloride and guanidinium carbonate). From these θ temperatures have been found. The resulting dependences of the critical temperature theta (between 320 and 350 K) on the molar concentration can be expressed as a sequence showing the increasing effect of denaturants in salting out the polymer. The increasing order of effectiveness of denaturing agents increasing the θ temperature is guanidinium carbonate > guanidinium chloride > thiourea. The change of θ temperature by denaturing agents was found to be the result of the changes taking place in the hydrophobic/ hydrophilic interactions among the polymer, solvent and additive denaturing agents, and of the influence of denaturing agent—polymer interactions.
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