Abstract
Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are the most common cause of hospital-acquired bacterial diarrhoea in adults. In Europe, the most prevalent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotypes are 014/020, 001 and 078, with the prevalence of ribotype 027 limited to 5%. 1 Davies K.A. Longshaw C.M. Davis G.L. et al. Underdiagnosis of Clostridium difficile across Europe: the European, multicentre, prospective, biannual, point-prevalence study of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalised patients with diarrhoea (EUCLID). Lancet Infect Dis. 2014; 14: 1208-1219 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (257) Google Scholar Recurrent CDI occurs in 15–35% of patients and has been associated with a higher risk of death. 2 Olsen M.A. Yan Y. Reske K.A. Zilberberg M.D. Dubberke E.R. Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection is associated with increased mortality. Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015; 21: 164-170 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (110) Google Scholar Recurrent CDI may reflect either relapse or re-infection with a new strain.
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