Closing the conceptual gap between self‐perception and reality in obesity prevention

Abstract

ObjectiveThe self‐perception of caloric intake and a healthy diet is an important indicator for lifestyle modification. The conceptual gap between the self‐perception and objective status attenuates the effectiveness of health programs. The purpose of this study is to present the conceptual gap between self‐perception and objective status to clarify problems and corresponding intervention strategies.DesignCross‐sectional study. 30–60 minute in‐person interviews (n=151) were conducted.Setting11 Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) regional offices located in five counties in MarylandSubjectsA convenience sample of 151 SNAP eligible adultsResultsParticipants’ perceived adequacy of caloric intake was inconsistent with their weight status showing a significant conceptual gap. 65.1% had BMI ≥ 25, but only 40.8% perceived that their caloric intake is “too high” and 36.4% reported they have a weight problem. Also, a majority of people (range 67.1 – 96%) perceived that it is important to follow a healthy diet, but only 37.1% had adequate health literacy, implying that their perception could not be supported by their literacy level.ConclusionsBroad consensus about the importance of following dietary guidelines has been established in the low‐income, SNAP eligible population, but significant conceptual and literacy gaps exist for translation. Exploring whether these gaps result from insufficient health literacy or a lack of internalization process is needed for future intervention strategies.