Abstract
We propose a general framework for a comprehensive performance analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) in cognitive radio (CR) networks. Specifically, we investigate the detection accuracy of a relay-based CR network over independent nonidentical Nakagami- m fading channels. Based on the probability density function (pdf) approach, we derive new exact and approximated closed-form expressions for the average detection probability and the average false alarm probability employing two diversity combining techniques, namely, the maximal ratio combining (MRC) scheme and the selection combining (SC) scheme. We also investigate the convergence rate of infinite series that appears in the derived exact closed-form expressions and propose to use a powerful acceleration algorithm that allows for the series termination with a finite number of terms. The results obtained reveal the importance of including the relaying link statistics and the combination techniques in the performance analysis of CR networks. The derived closed-form expression can be used to determine the energy threshold and the relaying power constraint that meet a given detection accuracy value over nonidentically distributed Nakagami- m fading.
Highlights
S IGNAL detection is a key part of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio (CR) networks
Since we model the signal as a random variable with known power, the energy detector is considered to be the optimal receiver to detect the presence of the signal [30]
For m = 6, a value of P d > 0.9 is achieved when P increases to 8 dB. This matches the target value of P d = 0.9, which is frequently used in literature as a lower bound to the detection probability [36]
Summary
S IGNAL detection is a key part of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio (CR) networks. The basic idea is to share the same spectrum band among several neighboring CRs that can relay their local sensing to help secondary users who are faraway from the primary network or to a central base station for a global decision making. The difference between a conventional single-hop system and a relay-based dual-hop system is that the noise in the singlehop system is independent of the channel statistics, whereas the noise in the dual-hop system is not [27] Motivated by this fact, we propose a new relay-based CSS strategy that incorporates sensing links, relaying links, diversity combining techniques, and energy detection into a general framework for a comprehensive performance analysis of CR networks. We extend the work in [21] and provide a probability density function (pdf)-based approach to the performance analysis of a relay-based CR network over generalized fading models.
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