Close to a Century of Popular Music Practices and Experiences in Nigeria (1922–2020) and a Brief History of Their Socio-political Background

Abstract

For 98 years (1922–2020), the entire corpus of popular music practices and experiences in Nigeria evolved and thrived almost uninterrupted until the great disruption caused when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. Between 1922 and 2020, there have been hazy and unsteady creative attempts, incipient interactions and interruptions, generational changes and exchanges, and ideological shifts which have marked the evolution of Nigerian popular music. Based on a historical-analytical approach, this article reports on a study that aimed to recollect and explore the remarkable socio-political developments, transformations and perceptions that have consistently underpinned these 98 years of popular music practices/experiences in Nigeria. As part of the study findings, these years were divided into the following four periods: the foggy years (1922–1944); the interactive-budding period (1945–1969); the liberal period (1970–1999); and the mononationalist period (2000–2020). In part, the methodology relied on the oral accounts of some elderly and middle-aged Nigerian popular music artists, entrepreneurs, enthusiasts and analysts, as well as archival resources (print and audio-visual), and the extant literature on popular music in and social history of Nigeria. The findings also revealed transnational heritages and memorial continuities that partly and presently characterise these periods.