Cloning, characterization and transcription analysis of fatty acyl desaturase ( Δ6Fad‐like ) and elongase ( Elovl4‐like , Elove5‐like ) during embryos development of Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Abstract

Strongylocentrotus intermedius has high nutritional value because it is rich in proteins, amino acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). LC-PUFA are essential nutrients that not only determine the nutritional value of sea urchins but also guarantee normal growth and reproduction performance. To better understand the molecular basis of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in S. intermedius, the Δ6Fad-like, Elovl4-like and Elovl5-like genes were cloned and fatty acid compositions during the early developmental stages of sea urchins were detected. The full-length of Δ6Fad-like was 2,199 bp, with a putative open reading frame of 1,248 bp encoding a polypeptide of 415 amino acid (AA). The Elovl4-like and Elovl5-like genes encoded 310 and 234 AA, respectively, which exhibited all of the characteristics of the Elovl family, such as a histidine box motif and putative transmembrane-spanning domains. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that Δ6Fad-like, Elovl4-like and Elovl5-like genes were expressed at the highest levels in the gonads and intestine, and the expression levels gradually increased in embryos during development. These results can help to understand the role of the Δ6Fad-like, Elovl4-like and Elovl5-like genes in the different developmental stages of the sea urchin and to clarify the biosynthetic pathways of LC-PUFA during the development of the sea urchin and provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality and breeding of excellent traits in sea urchins.