Abstract
Cloning and identification of novel hydrolase genes from a dairy cow rumen metagenomic library and characterization of a cellulase gene
Highlights
Interest in cellulose degrading enzymes has increased in recent years due to the expansion of the cellulosic biofuel industry
Metagenomic library construction and screening A metagenomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of ~6000 clones was constructed with high molecular weight DNA isolated by a freeze grinding technique from dairy cow rumen samples
Screening for hydrolase activities resulted in the identification of ten independent clones expressing carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activities, nine expressing β-glucosidase activities and seven expressing hydrolase activities for other substrates were isolated (Table 1)
Summary
Interest in cellulose degrading enzymes has increased in recent years due to the expansion of the cellulosic biofuel industry. Interest in plant cell-walldegrading enzymes, including cellulases, has increased due to the numerous potential industrial applications of these enzymes [1]. They have been widely applied in the textile and laundry, food and feed, pulp and paper, Cellulases are produced by a variety of organisms, including archaea, prokaryotes, fungi, plants, and animals. The most effective known natural systems for rapid biomass conversion, involve complex communities of microorganisms, primarily prokaryotes and fungi, maintained in a symbiotic relationship with an animal host [4] This apparent need for complexity is a consequence of the biochemical intricacy of the biomass that serves as the fermentation substrate, a complex, physically and chemically linked mixture of cellulose, hemicellulose, xylan, waxes, and lignins
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