Abstract
Insect olfactory sensing is crucial for finding food, mating, and oviposition preference. Odorant receptors (ORs) play a central role in the transmission of odorant signals into the environment by the peripheral olfactory system. Therefore, the identification and functional study of ORs are essential to better understand olfactory mechanisms in insects. OR studies on Diptera insects are primarily performed on Drosophila and mosquitoes, but few studies have been reported in Tephritidae. In this study, we examined three candidate ORs (BminOR3, BminOR12, and BminOR16) from Bactrocera minax. Our analysis of tissue expression revealed that the three BminORs were expressed in the antennae, with no difference between the male and female. In in vitro heterologous expression system of Xenopus oocytes. BminOR3/BminOrco responded strongly to 1-octen-3-ol, BminOR12/BminOrco responded to eight compounds [methyl salicylate, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, butyl acrylate, butyl propionate, 1-octanol, (S)-(+)-carvone and benzyl alcohol], and BminOR16/BminOrco slightly responded to undecanol. Our results concluded that BminOR3, BimOR12, and BminOR16 could play an important role in host-finding and oviposition positioning in B. minax.
Highlights
The insect’s olfactory system plays an important role in adaptation to the environment and survival, such as regulating the location of the insect’s host, oviposition, and predator avoidance (Bruce et al, 2005; Song et al, 2008)
Functional Characterization of Three Odorant receptors (ORs) (OBPs) to form an odor molecule\odor binding protein complex, which reaches the surface of the dendritic membrane of the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs)
By combining in vitro expression of Xenopus oocytes with the two-electrode voltage clamp technique, we found that BminOR3/BminOrco responded strongly to 1-octen3-ol, BminOR12/BminOrco responded to eight compounds [methyl salicylate, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, butyl acrylate, butyl propionate, 1-octanol, (S)-(+)-carvone and benzyl alcohol], and BminOR16/BminOrco responded slightly to undecanol
Summary
The insect’s olfactory system plays an important role in adaptation to the environment and survival, such as regulating the location of the insect’s host, oviposition, and predator avoidance (Bruce et al, 2005; Song et al, 2008). The olfactory sensillum on the antennae plays an important role in recognizing the odorant signal in insects. These olfactory sensilla are unique to the epidermal cells of the antennae, which are connected to the nervous system. This regulates the relationship between insect behaviors and the odorant signals in the environment. These hydrophobic molecules in the external environment enter into the sensory lymph and combine with odorant-binding proteins. This transmits the olfactory signal downstream, causing related behaviors in the insect (Leal, 2013)
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