Abstract
Anthocyanins are important substances accounting for the leaf color in Brassica juncea and PAP1 gene is one of the key transport factors in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. In this study, homologous cloning technology was used to clone the PAP1 gene sequences of Brassica juncea with different leaf colors. Specific primers were designed according to the gene sequences of Brassica rapa with high homology for PCR amplification. The PAP1 gene of Brassica juncea is 1 348 bp~1 669 bp long, and the coding region sequence is 744 bp~753 bp, including 3 exons and 2 introns. Two MYB blinding domains are found in PAP1 protein at the site of 9~59 and 62~110 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PAP1 gene of Brassica juncea had high homology with the related genes of Brassica rapa and Brassica rapa subsp. rapa, but had low homology with Arabidopsis thaliana . Compared gene sequences in Brassica juncea with different leaf colors, there are no differences between the coding sequence of purple and red leaf Brassica juncea , but the encoded protein have 22 amino acid differences from green leaves. We also observed the lower expression level of PAP1 and its related target genes such as DFR , TT19 in green leaves, which may lead to the differences of leaf color in Brassica juncea . This study provides a reference for exploring the function of PAP1 gene and the formation mechanism of different leaf color of Brassica juncea .
Highlights
Anthocyanin is a class of water-soluble natural pigment that exists widely in nature, and it is an important secondary metabolite in plants, which could make plant leaves and petals show colorful colors (Fu et al, 2018)
This study provides a reference for exploring the function of PAP1 gene and the formation mechanism of different leaf color of Brassica juncea
The proteins encoded by the PAP1 (Production of Anthocyanin Pigment 1) gene belongs to R2R3 MYB transcription factor, which can regulate the expressions of DFR, ANS/LDOX, TT19, TT8, GL3, EGL3 and other genes to promote the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins (Maier et al, 2013; Yan et al, 2019)
Summary
Anthocyanin is a class of water-soluble natural pigment that exists widely in nature, and it is an important secondary metabolite in plants, which could make plant leaves and petals show colorful colors (Fu et al, 2018). The proteins encoded by the PAP1 (Production of Anthocyanin Pigment 1) gene belongs to R2R3 MYB transcription factor, which can regulate the expressions of DFR, ANS/LDOX, TT19, TT8, GL3, EGL3 and other genes to promote the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins (Maier et al, 2013; Yan et al, 2019). In Brassica oleracea (CC, 2n=18), the up-regulated expression of BoPAP1 is an important reason for the appearance of purple leaf traits It is not completely clear whether there is a similar mechanism in other Brassica species. This study provides a reference for exploring the function of PAP1 gene and the formation mechanism of different leaf color of Brassica juncea
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