Abstract
Thymus vulgaris L. is one of the widely known spicy aromatic and medicinal plants. Thyme plant material is widely used in medicine, cooking and perfumery. To increase the efficiency of breeding and seed production, it is necessary to develop biotechnological techniques, in particular, clonal micropropagation. The aim of the research is to optimize the composition of culture media for the main stages of propagation in vitro and to select adaptation ex vitro conditions for the development of Thymus vulgaris. clonal micropropagation. The article presents the results of studies of explant morphometric parameters cultivated on 20 variants of culture media at firstsecond stages of micropropagation. It was found that the optimal culture medium at the introduction stage is MS medium with 1.0 mg/l Kin and 1.0 mg/l GA3, on which, on average, 2.2 microshoots per explant with a length of 1.9 cm were obtained. Both high vitrification rate of microshoots and formation of small shoots (0.6-0.9 cm) were observed on media supplemented with BAP or TDZ. The most effective culture medium at the proper propagation stage is MS with 1.0 mg/l Kin, on which 4.6 shoots per explant and the multiplication index 12.8 were obtained. It is advisable to root microshoots at the 3rd stage of micropropagation on MS culture medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA or 1.0 mg/l IAA. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain high plant survival rate (89.5%) during adaptation ex vitro, using a substrate consisting of peat and perlite (1:1).
Highlights
Thymus is a perennial shrub of the Lamiaceae family with a high content of biologically active substances
Explants were cultured on various modifications of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture media supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3), kinetin (Kin), 6benzylaminopurine (BAP), β-indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA) and β-indolyl-3-acidic acid (IAA) (Sigma, USA)
When using MS culture media containing TDZ, explants began to develop on the 25th – 28th day after introduction; on media containing Kin and BAP – on the 8th –15th day
Summary
Thymus is a perennial shrub of the Lamiaceae family with a high content of biologically active substances. Thyme essential oil and plant material are part of numerous combined medicines that have a beneficial effect on the body. They strengthen immunity, positively affect the nervous system and the activity of the gastrointestinal tract. Expectorant, antispasmodic, anthelmintic, antipruritic and antioxidant effects. The most important components of thyme essential oil are thymol and linalool. Thymol is of particular value due to its antiseptic, bactericidal and disinfectant properties. There is evidence of its use against antibiotic-resistant body microflora [1,2]
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