Abstract
Buildup in the inner cavity of submersible nozzles significantly reduces the channel cross section, with drop in the casting rate and eventually shutdown of the continuous-casting machine. Such buildup entails replacement of the nozzles. The clogging of submersible nozzles is found to be associated with the deposition of products from the reduction and secondary oxidation of the steel, droplets of solidifying steel, and slag particles captured by the metal jets when the melt level in the tundish falls. To reduce clogging, it is expedient to match the casting rate (the flow rate of the metal) with the internal cross section of the nozzle and its outlet aperture.
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