Clinicopathological Variants of Breast Cancer in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a growing phenomenon among females which has ever-lasting ramifications on the patient as well as the family. The only way of subjugating breast cancer is through an efficient and effective screening and subsequent treatment process. Objective: This study aimed at identifying the different clinicopathological patterns of breast cancer and the age group most frequently targeted by CA breast. Study Design: A prospective study. Settings: Fauji Foundation Hospital (FFH), Rawalpindi and Foundation University Medical College (FUMC) Pakistan. Duration: Six months from January 2018 to June 2018. Methodology: This study included 224 female patients, irrespective of their nationality by convenience sampling, who underwent any kind of breast surgery. The patients were evaluated according to their age, side of breast involved, site of lump in the breast, histopathology report and type of lesion (inflammatory, benign or malignant). The data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25. Results: Our study sample of 224 individuals was found to have about 23 different histopathological variants of breast cancer. Invasive ductal carcinoma was found in almost all age groups and it was also the most common variant (80.8%), followed by invasive lobular carcinoma (4%). Majority of the cases were recorded in the elderly age bracket from 55 to 65 years. Right breast was found to be involved in 53.6% of the cases whereas left breast involvement was at 44.2%. 5 patients had lesions in both of their breasts. Upper outer quadrant was affected in 88% females followed by upper inner quadrant (6.7%). All four quadrants were involved in only 3 patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that invasive ductal carcinoma is the commonest clinical as well as pathological type of CA breast. 181 females out of a total of 224 had invasive ductal carcinoma. Therefore, this particular breast cancer type merits our special attention. Our study further concluded that most of the breast pathologies were found in elderly females aged between 55 and 65 years.