Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of cancer in men and is of major public health importance worldwide. This study aimed to establish the clinicopathological presentation and its impression in disease progression like to Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) of patients treated for Prostate Cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam.This was a retrospective descriptive hospital based study at Muhimbili National Hospital. Patients who were treated for prostate cancer were identified. Information regarding primary prostatic cancer treatment, clinical disease progression symptoms, and age of the patients were collected. A total of 293 case notes were reviewed of which 189 patients who were treated for prostatic carcinoma with androgen deprivation, 96(50.8%) met the criteria for the diagnoses of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) and their mean age was 71.23±4.2. About half of our patients 146(49.7%) presented with history of urine retention necessitating urethral catheterization but also patients had hard, nodulated, grade three prostate though 48.2% had missing documentation of Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) findings. Most of the patients had a poorly differentiated histology with PSA over 100ng/l. Almost all patients had a clinical progression signifying a metastatic disease. Majority of patients presented with symptomatic prostate cancer contrary to the natural history of prostate cancer at its early stage. Urine retention and hard nodulated grade three prostate were the commonest clinical presentation whereas poorly differentiated carcinoma of the prostate was a common pathological finding among patients with prostate cancer MNH in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequent cancer and fifth cause of cancer related mortality globally by contributing to 1.3 million cases and 359,000 deaths [1]
This study aimed to establish the clinicopathological presentation and its impression in disease progression like to Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) of patients treated for Prostate Cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam.This was a retrospective descriptive hospital based study at Muhimbili National Hospital
A total of 293 case notes were reviewed of which 189 patients who were treated for prostatic carcinoma with androgen deprivation, 96(50.8%) met the criteria for the diagnoses of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) and their mean age was 71.23±4.2
Summary
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequent cancer and fifth cause of cancer related mortality globally by contributing to 1.3 million cases and 359,000 deaths [1]. PC is of significant public health concern to health practitioners and policy makers across the globe [2] the outcome of PC among patients with advanced disease has been improving owing to better understanding of its biology and improvements in therapeutics [3].In Tanzania, prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer among male and only second to cervical cancer in prevalence nationwide [4]. Patients with advanced prostate cancer are initially treated with either surgical or medical Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) [3]. In spite of good initial response to ADT as evidenced by dropping in the levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) after treatment, some patients will show features of disease progression after castration duration of 18 – 24 months [6,7].
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