Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population. The histolopathologic grade of the tumor is closely related to its tissue of origin. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of OSCC in relation to patient sex, age, habits and sites of lesions. A total of 130 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC were selected for the study, out of which 66, 38 and 26 were well (WD), moderately (MD)and poorly differentiated (PD), respectively. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and graded according to a modified Borders's system. Then statistically analyzed different grades of OSCC for correlations with other variables. In our study the majority cases of OSCC were found in the 5th to 7th decades of life, males acconting for 53%. The most common site was the buccal mucosa and most cases had habit of tobacco use either in the form of chewing or smoking or both. When the different grades of OSCC were compared with different sites a statistically significant value was observed (P=0.029). The incidence of high grade PD is very much less in female patients but in males such lesions were common. In our location population the buccal mucosa is the most common site due to the tobbaco habits of the patients and majority cases of the buccal mucosa are WD whereas in tongue, floor of the mouth and palate PD are common.
Highlights
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy, representing up to 80-90% of all malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity (Fabio et al, 2013)
In our study the majority cases of OSCC were found in the 5th to 7th decades of life, males acconting for 53%
Chi-square analysis of the gender distribution when comparing with different grades of OSCC was found to be statistically non-significant (P=0.071)
Summary
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy, representing up to 80-90% of all malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity (Fabio et al, 2013). OSCC shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population (Ayesha et al, 2013) so the incidence of oral cancers parallels the longevity, multiplicity, and intensity of carcinogenic exposure. Most of the cases of OSCC are preceded by the presence of clinically identifiable premalignant changes of the oral mucosa These lesions often present as either white or red patches, known as leukoplakia and erythroplakia (Brad and Terry, 2002). Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of OSCC in relation to patient sex, age, habits and sites of lesions. In our location population the buccal mucosa is the most common site due to the tobbaco habits of the patients and majority cases of the buccal mucosa are WD whereas in tongue, floor of the mouth and palate PD are common
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