CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 196 CASES OF EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Abstract

Potentially malignant disorders are characterized by different degrees of epithelial dysplasia (ED), an unpredictable course, and variable transformation potential for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Objective: To describe the clinicopathological profile of 196 cases of ED and SCC diagnosed from 2002-2018. Study design: Data regarding age, sex, clinical aspect, size, lesion location, type of biopsy, and clinical hypothesis (CH) were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 57 years for ED and SCC, with no predilection for sex. Most EDs (51.5%) presented as white plaques (P< .05) and SCCs as ulcers (62.7%; P< .05). SCCs exhibited the largest sizes, followed by carcinoma in situ and ED. The floor of mouth was the region most affected by SCCs (32.5%; P< .05). EDs were distributed equally between the regions and carcinoma in situ predominated on the palate (75%; P< .05). Incisional biopsy was performed in 50.5% of the cases. The equivalence between CH and histopathological diagnosis occurred in 83.3% of SCCs, and EDs had CH of leukoplakia (P< .05). Conclusion: The knowledge of the clinicopathological profile of ED and SCC allows for a better understanding of the factors commonly associated with malignant transformation. Potentially malignant disorders are characterized by different degrees of epithelial dysplasia (ED), an unpredictable course, and variable transformation potential for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Objective: To describe the clinicopathological profile of 196 cases of ED and SCC diagnosed from 2002-2018. Study design: Data regarding age, sex, clinical aspect, size, lesion location, type of biopsy, and clinical hypothesis (CH) were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 57 years for ED and SCC, with no predilection for sex. Most EDs (51.5%) presented as white plaques (P< .05) and SCCs as ulcers (62.7%; P< .05). SCCs exhibited the largest sizes, followed by carcinoma in situ and ED. The floor of mouth was the region most affected by SCCs (32.5%; P< .05). EDs were distributed equally between the regions and carcinoma in situ predominated on the palate (75%; P< .05). Incisional biopsy was performed in 50.5% of the cases. The equivalence between CH and histopathological diagnosis occurred in 83.3% of SCCs, and EDs had CH of leukoplakia (P< .05). Conclusion: The knowledge of the clinicopathological profile of ED and SCC allows for a better understanding of the factors commonly associated with malignant transformation.