Clinicopathological Characteristics and Survival Outcomes of Patients with Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Multi-Institutional Study.

Shogo Shinohara,Kazuyuki Ichimaru,Masanobu Mizuta,Takashi Tsujimura,Keigo Honda,Masahiro Kikuchi,Hiroyuki Harada,Yoshiharu Kitani,Tsuyoshi Kojima,Koji Ushiro,Koichi Omori,Yohei Kumabe,Ryo Asato,Ryusuke Hori,Hisanobu Tamaki,Kiyomi Hamaguchi

doi:10.3390/medicina57121361

Abstract

Background and Objectives: To investigate clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with buccal cancer in Japan. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a database of 1055 patients with oral cancers treated between 2010 and 2017 at 12 institutions in Japan. Ninety-two patients (8.7%) with primary buccal cancer were extracted and clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between patients with buccal cancers and patients with other oral cancers. Results: Ages were significantly higher in the patients with buccal cancer (73 years old vs. 69 years old). Buccal cancer had less advanced cT stage and cN stage than other oral cancers. Overall 5-year survival (OS) was 80.6%, and recurrence-free 5-year survival (RFS) of buccal cancers was 67.8%, and there were no significant differences in survival compared with other oral cancers in terms OS or RFS (5y-OS: 82.5%, 5y-RFS: 74.4%). However, patients with stage IV buccal cancer showed poorer prognosis in terms of OS and RFS compared with the same stage patients with other oral cancer. Advanced T stage was the only factor independently associated with both OS and RFS of patients with buccal cancer in this study. Conclusions: Postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy should be considered to improve survival outcome of buccal cancer patients, especially for the patients with advanced primary site disease or a higher cancer stage.

Highlights

Buccal cancer is a type of oral cancer
Squamous cell carcinomas were dominant (88 cases), followed by spindle cell carcinomas (3 cases) and verrucous carcinoma (1 case); both were recognized as subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma
More than 70% of patients (70/92) had early stage of primary lesions, and clinical positive nodes were identified in 28% (26/92) of the patients

Summary

Introduction

Buccal cancer is a type of oral cancer. This cancer is reported to occupy a minor portion of oral cancer, accounting for less than 10% of cases in Untied States and European countries [1,2]. Once cancer penetrates the buccinator muscle, it may spread through the buccal space to neighboring organs, such as maxilla, mandible, and infratemporal fossa, and it penetrates external skin. Reconstruction after resection of advanced buccal cancer is sometimes puzzling when a surgical defect involves mandible, maxilla, and external skin of the cheek. To investigate clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with buccal cancer in Japan. Patients with stage IV buccal cancer showed poorer prognosis in terms of OS and RFS compared with the same stage patients with other oral cancer. Advanced T stage was the only factor independently associated with both OS and RFS of patients with buccal cancer in this study. Conclusions: Postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy should be considered to improve survival outcome of buccal cancer patients, especially for the patients with advanced primary site disease or a higher cancer stage

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Discussion

Conclusion