Abstract
Canine lymphoma, as the most common haematopoietic malignancy, encompasses a group of heterogeneous diseases and even within the T-cell immunophenotype, differences in clinical presentation and responses to treatment exist. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine outcomes and prognostic factors of 107 dogs with multicentric non-indolent T-cell lymphoma (TCL) receiving lomustine-based (70%) and non-lomustine-based (30%) treatment. The majority were Labradors, Boxers, mixed-breed dogs and Dogue de Bordeaux. Eighty-six percent were substage b, 77% had mediastinal involvement, 15% had suspected bone marrow involvement and 12% had other extra-nodal sites of disease. The overall response rate to induction therapy was 80%; dogs receiving procarbazine in the induction protocol (P = .042), dogs with neutrophil concentration below 8.7 × 10e9 /L (P = .006) and mitotic rate below 10 per 5 high power field (P = .013), had greater response rates. Median progression-free survival (PFS) for the first remission was 105 days; lack of expression of CD3 on flow cytometry (P < .0001) and pretreatment with steroid (P = .012) were significantly associated with shorter PFS. Median overall survival time (OST) was 136 days; co-expression of CD79a (P = .002), lack of CD3 expression on flow cytometry, presence of anaemia (P = .007), and monocytopenia (P = .002) were predictive of shorter OST. Multicentric non-indolent TCL in dogs is an aggressive cancer with new possible prognostic factors.
Highlights
Part of this data was presented in oral abstract at the ESVONC Congress, Gran Canaria, Spain May 2018 and IV meeting of the European Canine Lymphoma Network, Lugano, Switzerland, June 2019.Lymphoma is the most common canine haematopoietic malignancy.[1]
We found that the median progression-free survival (PFS) and OS of the whole group were lower than previously reported for dogs with T-cell lymphoma (TCL),[21,22,23,24,25] which suggests that prognosis for this lymphoma subtype is worse than described for TCL in general
A selection bias in the present study owing to case recruitment solely from specialist referral centres cannot be rule out, and could explain why our study population contained a large proportion of patients in clinical stage IV and V, with a majority in substage b (86%)
Summary
Part of this data was presented in oral abstract at the ESVONC Congress, Gran Canaria, Spain May 2018 and IV meeting of the European Canine Lymphoma Network, Lugano, Switzerland, June 2019. Lymphoma is the most common canine haematopoietic malignancy.[1] Several negative prognostic factors have been identified, of which T-cell immunophenotype is one of the most consistently reported.[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] T-cell immunophenotype represents between 13% and 38% of cases in the canine literature.[3,8,9,10,11,12,13] Canine lymphoma classification can be. Based on clinical, morphological and immunological features. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of human NonHodgkin Lymphoma has been extrapolated to canine lymphoma.[13]
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