Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer ranks the most common cancer among Nepalese women. Cervical and vaginal infections constitute the most common gynecological problems. Through Pap smear screening, early diagnosis, follow up and treatment, morbidity and mortality can be reduced by 70% and 80% respectively. 
 Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to know the incidence of abnormal cervical epithelial lesions and cervico-vaginal infections. It was carried out in the Outpatient Department of Gynecology at Chitwan Medical College from April 2018 to March 2019. The data were collected and standard statistical analysis done using Microsoft Excel 2007. 
 Results: The most prevalent cervical epithelial cell abnormality was atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (3.43%) whereas the least common was low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (0.21%). The most prevalent cervical vaginal infection was Bacterial vaginosis (12.30%) whereas the least prevalent was Trichomoniasis (0.29%). The majority of the women with epithelial cell abnormality were in the age group of 31-40 years whereas the lowest number in the age group less than 20 years. The highest prevalence of cervical vaginal infection was in the reproductive age group (31-50 years) and the lowest in the age above 51 years. Most of the patients had multiple symptoms like vaginal discharge, genital itching, whereas only (20.17%) visited for routine screening. 
 Conclusion: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and Bacterial vaginosis were the most common finding in Pap smear test representing abnormal cytology of cervix and cervicovaginal infection respectively.
Highlights
IntroductionCervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients
Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients
The out patient department (OPD) register of CMC Hospital from 14 April 2018 to 13 March 2019 showed that a total of 25,729 patients received services
Summary
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients. Seventy percent of it occurs in developing countries.[1,2] Cervical cancer ranks as the most common cancer among Nepalese women between 15 to 44 years of age.[3,4] Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death in Nepalese women.[5,6] through periodic screening, early diagnosis, follow up and treatment, morbidity and mortality can be reduced by 70% and 80% respectively.[7]. Through Pap smear screening, early diagnosis, follow up and treatment, morbidity and mortality can be reduced by 70% and 80% respectively
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