CLINICOPATHOLOGIC PROFILE OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (OSCC) AND SINONASAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (SNSCC)

Abstract

<h3>Background</h3> Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is said to be the most common malignancy affecting the oral cavity and squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract (SNSCC) is less common. Changing patterns have been observed in the incidence of these lesions in recent years. <h3>Objective</h3> This study aimed to determine the demographic, clinical, and histopathologic characteristics of OSCC and SNSCC in a Nigerian population over a period of 7 years (2013-2019). <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> In this retrospective study, records from the archives of the Oral Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine over a period of 7 years (2013-2019) were reviewed to retrieve the age, sex, site, grade, and variant (where indicated) of cases. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). <h3>Results</h3> The prevalence of OSCC in our study was 34.5% of all oral and maxillofacial malignancies, and SNSCC accounted for 5.5%. Mean age for OSCC was 56.5 (standard deviation [SD] ±16.4) years, and that of SNSCC was 47.0 (SD ±9.23) years. These lesions were more frequent in men (63.2% and 66.7% for OSCC and SNSCC, respectively) than women. The most common site of involvement in OSCC was the tongue (28.9%). In addition, 66.7% of SNSCCs were the keratinizing type, and 75% of keratinising SNSCCs and 55.3% of OSCCs were graded moderately differentiated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The incidence and distribution of these lesions in the light of new adaptations of cultural practices will help to identify existent patterns for diagnosis in Africans.