Clinicopathologic findings in eyes with retained perfluoro- n-octane liquid

Abstract

Objective To describe the clinical and histopathologic findings in five eyes with retained perfluoro- n-octane (PFO) liquid after retinal reattachment surgery. Design Retrospective, noncomparative, clinicopathologic case series. Participants Surgical specimens from five eyes were studied. Methods Surgical specimens from eyes with prior intraoperative PFO use submitted to the W. Richard Green Eye Pathology Laboratory at the Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute were identified and reviewed. Main outcome measures Histopathologic analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy identified intracellular vacuoles containing PFO. Results Five cases were identified. Three specimens were obtained at the time of further surgery for recurrent retinal detachment; one at repeat penetrating keratoplasty, and one at removal of retained PFO. Each eye had macroscopic white flake-like material on intraocular structures noted before or during surgery. Histopathologic analysis disclosed an inflammatory response featuring macrophages with intracellular vacuoles containing PFO. Removal of the PFO in all five eyes combined with repeat retinal reattachment surgery in three eyes resulted in resolution of the inflammatory response. Conclusions Retention of PFO after surgery elicits an inflammatory response. We suspect that young patients, those with considerable residual vitreous gel, and eyes with larger amounts of retained PFO may be at higher risk for this complication.