Clinico-histopathologic study of nonneoplastic uterine cervical lesions

Abstract

Background: The cervix of uterus is prone to develop neoplastic and nonneoplastic gynecologic lesions. The histological lesions that are found in the uterine cervix cannot be always established only with conventional cytology. Thus, it is very important that any cytological abnormality be subsequently correlated with biopsy for certification of a cervical lesion. Objective: To evaluate histomorphologic features of all types of nonneoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study consists of total 630 cases that were submitted for routine histopathologic investigations. All specimens were fixed, dehydrated, embedded, and subsequently stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Special stains, such as mucicarmine and PAS - Periodic acid–Schiif, were employed wherever necessary. Result: Among the 630 cervical specimens, inflammatory lesions formed the major part (71.42%) followed by cervical malignancies (12.69%). Benign cervical lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia constituted 6.98% and 4.44%, respectively. The noninflammatory cervical glandular lesions constituted 2.85%. Conclusion: Inflammatory lesions were the most common cervical lesions followed by malignancies. Among inflammatory lesions, chronic nonspecific cervicitis was commonly found followed by papillary endocervicitis seen in sexually active females with pelvic inflammatory disease, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, uterine prolapsed, and so on. The most common cervical malignancy was squamous-cell carcinoma, moderately differentiated being the most common type.