Clinico-Histomorphological Spectrum of Non-Neoplastic Lesions of the Uterine Cervix at a Tertiary Care Center of a Remote Indian Island

Abstract

The uterine cervix is liable to suffer from several neo¬plastic and non-neoplastic gynaecologic lesions commonly seen in sexually active women. It is important to categorize and recognize the histomorphological features of cervical non-neoplastic lesions for better management of the patient. The present study was undertaken to study the microscopic features of the uterine cervix in non-neoplastic lesions. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted over a period of two years in Department of Pathology. The study included 282 specimens of uterine cervix received at histopathology section. Detailed clinical details including age, parity, clinical findings and provisional diagnosis were noted. Out of these 282 specimens, 27.3% (77/282) were from cervical biopsy either endocervical curettage or punch biopsy, and 72.7% (205/282) were hysterectomy specimen. Most common clinical symptoms was irregular/excessive menses (44.68%, 126/282) followed by white discharge per vaginum (34.4%, 97/282). Out of 282 of the cases, 80.5% (227/282) showed chronic non-specific cervicitis (CNSC) followed by endocervical polyp (33/282, 11.7%) followed by squamous metaplasia (21/282, 7.4%). Koilocytic change was seen in 3.2% of cases (9/282). One case each for granulomatous cervicitis, microglandular hyperplasia, tunnel cluster, and condyloma acuminata was also noted. CNSC is the most common inflammatory lesion followed by endocervical polyp and squamous metaplasia. Prevalence of HPV related koilocytosis and condylomata acuminata is low in the study area as compared to other parts of India.