Clinicodemographic features of mixed vitiligo: a case-control study.

Abstract

Mixed vitiligo (MV) is the coexistence of segmental vitiligo (SV) and non-segmental vitiligo (NSV). The literature on MV is sparse. To assess the clinicodemographic and treatment parameters in MV and compare them with SV. Clinical data of MV and SV patients enrolled in our pigmentary clinic from July 2015 to December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively and compared. Out of a total of 4,371 vitiligo patients, 293 (6.7%) were SV while 74 (1.69%) were MV. As compared to SV, MV had significantly lower mean age of onset of segmental component (SC) (13.33 ± 9.01 vs. 15.70 ± 8.60 years, P = 0.03) and significantly higher proportion of patients with more than 1% body surface involvement by SC (66.2% vs. 51.5%, P = 0.03) and presence of leukotrichia in the SC (66.2% vs. 51.5%, P = 0.03). Topical agents and systemic immunosuppressive agents were significantly more effective in non-segmental component (NSC) as compared to SC of MV. Surgical modalities were the only effective treatment modality for SC. Retrospective design, heterogeneity of treatment regimens. Early age of onset, larger (>1%) body surface area involvement, and leukotrichia in SV predict its progression into MV with time. Treatment response to different modalities varies significantly between SC and NSC of MV.