Clinico-Pathological Study of Urolithiasis with Special Reference to Urinary pH & Urinary Culture

Abstract

Introduction- Urinary stone disease is one of the most common afflictions of modern society.It has been describedsince antiquity. With westernization of global culture, the site of stone formation has migrated from the lower to upperurinary tract. Urinary tract stones start to form in a kidney and may enlarge in a ureter or the bladder. Depending onlocation of stone, it may be called a renal stone, ureteral stone, bladder stone or uretheral stone.Aim and Objectives-To study the correlation of clinco-pathological factors in urolithiasis with special reference tourinary pH and urinary culture.To study the relationship of age, sex, socio-economic, in incidence of urinary calculi formation.To study the clinical presentation of urinary tract stone.To study the importance & significance of urinary pH and urinary infection in patients of urolithiasis.Material & Methods-The present study design will be of a prospective study, all the patients diagnosed asurinarylithiasis, in surgical OPD and admitted in surgical ward, of SRMS-IMS, Bareilly.1-Inclusion Criteria- All the patients diagnosed as urinarylithiasis, reported In surgical OPD and admitted in surgicalward of SRMS, IMS, Bareilly.2-Exclusion Criteria A-History of any surgery for urinary lithiasis.B-Urinary stone in congenital urinary disorders.3-Sample Size- 100 Patients.Results and Conclusions-With the precise knowledge on epidemiological profile on urolithiasis, the involvedrisk factors and knowledge of the stone constituents, it may be necessary to take certain precautionary steps likeimproving socioeconomic status, literacy, inculcating hygienic habits, avoiding and treating urinary tract infection,maintaining asepsis during urinary catheterization / instrumentation and low calcium containing diet, which may allprobably decrease the incidence and morbidity of patients suffering from urolithiasis. The patients with an episodeof stone disease or with a family history of the same are at high risk and should be closely screened for presence ofmetabolic disorders and routinely followed up to prevent further recurrences.Discussion-Urinary tract calculus disease affects people in the most productive years of their life, and more commonlyseen in males of lower socioeconomic status.Urinary tract infection is a very important independent risk factor forurolithiasis Urea splitting bacteria e.g. Proteus and non-urease containing bacteria e.g. E. Coli, both have a role inurolithiasis. Urinary ph is a very important independent risk factor for urolithiasis, in my study ph was slightly acidic.And alkaline urine patients had struvite (infection) stones.