Clinico-Pathological Spectrum of Pancytopenia: A Single Centre Study

Abstract

Pancytopenia is a common hematological condition in clinical practice which is characterized by the simultaneous presence of anemia, leukopenia andthrombocytopenia. To determine the frequency of pancytopenia, common etiology & presentation on the basis of bone marrow biopsy. This retrospective study was conducted at Diagnostic and Research Laboratory LUMHS Hyderabad during October 2014 to December 2016. Medical records, blood smear, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy findings of patients presenting with pancytopenia who full fill the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Relevant history, physical, systemic examination and hematological findings at presentation were recorded using a standard proforma after approval of institutional review board and signing of informed consent of patients and their guardian. Out of 351 cases 108 cases of pancytopenia males 61(56%) & females 47(43%). The majority of the patients are falling in pediatric age group 73(67%). Megaloblastic anemia was the most common cause of pancytopenia in 45(41%), followed by aplastic anemia in 24(22%), hypersplenism in 9(9%) and leukemia in 8(7.4%) cases. Megaloblastic anemia is the most common cause of pancytopenia with male predominance followed by Aplastic anemia and Hypersplenism.