Abstract
Background: Histopathological examination of renal biopsy has an important role in establishing glomerular disease in children. Objective: To describe and correlate the types of glomerular diseases reported in native kidney biopsy and their clinical presentations. Method: This retrospective and descriptive study was conducted from December 2009 to December 2013 at the Department of Paediatrics, SVPPGIP & SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India. A total of 142 renal biopsies were performed in 140 children aged 6 months to 14 years. Their demographic data, indication for renal biopsy and histological diagnosis were analysed and correlated with clinical presentations in the study. Results: In 136 (97.1%) of 140 children, the renal histopathology revealed glomerular diseases. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The most frequent types of biopsy-proven renal diseases were: Minimal Change Disease 47 (33.5%), Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis 29 (20.7%), IgA nephropathy 21 (15%), Lupus nephritis 11 (7.8%) and Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis 8 (5.7%). Nephrotic syndrome was the most common glomerular disease 106 (77.9%). Conclusions: In our study, Minimal Change Disease was the most common biopsy proven glomerular disease and nephrotic syndrome was the most frequent clinical presentation. The best clinico-pathological correlation was seen with lupus nephritis cases. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 2015; 44 (1): 31-37 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v44i1.7960
Highlights
BackgroundHistopathological examination of renal biopsy has an important role in establishing glomerular disease in children.Glomerular disease can present as nephrotic syndrome (NS), nephritic syndrome, rapidly progressive renal failure, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as isolated proteinuria or haematuria[1]
We decided to undertake a retrospective review of all the native kidney biopsies in children done in our tertiary care paediatric referral hospital with an aim of compiling and analysing various glomerular diseases and their clinical presentations
The best clinico-pathological correlation was seen with lupus nephritis cases
Summary
Histopathological examination of renal biopsy has an important role in establishing glomerular disease in children. Glomerular disease can present as nephrotic syndrome (NS), nephritic syndrome, rapidly progressive renal failure, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as isolated proteinuria or haematuria[1]. Renal biopsy will help in making early diagnosis and instituting the right medications promptly[2]. The pattern of glomerular diseases may differ in different population groups[3]. One pattern of clinical presentation may be associated with different glomerular diseases[4]. Minimal Change Disease (MCD) is the most common histological sub-type of nephrotic syndrome in children[5]. In one of the largest reports of 6469 biopsies with glomerular disease (GD) in adults from the University of North
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