Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is a leading cause of permanent disability. Most commonly seen in tropical countries. India represents two thirds of the global burden. A total of nearly 3000 new cases were detected in Karnataka in 2017-2018. Out of them 5% presented with grade II disability. It affects mainly the skin, nasal mucosa, and peripheral nerves. Aim: To study and categorise types of leprosy histomorphologically and correlate them clinically. Materials and Methods: Skin biopsies of suspected leprosy cases were received in the department of pathology, from April 2017 to March 2019 for a period of two years. Relevant clinical ndings were taken. A total of 30 cases of leprosy were diagnosed. They were classied histopathologically using modied Ridley–Jopling's classication. Total Results: number of cases studied were 30. Age group was found to be 20-70 years. Clinically patients presented commonly with hypo-anaesthetised, hypopigmented patches and nodules. 16 cases were of lepromatous leprosy, 2 cases of Borderline lepromatous leprosy, 2 cases of Borderline leprosy, 2 cases of Borderline tuberculoid leprosy, 6 cases of Tuberculoid leprosy and 2 Cases were of Erythema nodosum leprosum. Conclusion: Lepromatous leprosy is the most common type in present study. Correlation between clinical, bacteriological, and morphological features is required for accurate classication of Hansen's disease. Clinical detection and morphological diagnosis of early lesions remain challenging, and the histological ndings should always be interpreted in correlation with clinical ndings. Histopathological examination is the gold standard to diagnose and categorise leprosy to start appropriate treatment.
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