Abstract
BackgroundMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancy, has been shown to present different cytogenetic abnormalities, risk factors, and clinico-hematological features in different populations and geographic areas. Herein, we determined the cytogenetic spectrum and clinico-hematological features of Iranian MDS patients for the first time.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 patients with MDS in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, from 2014 to 2018. Clinical presentations, complete blood counts (CBC), and bone marrow (BM) biopsy samples were assessed. Perls' staining was used to evaluate BM iron storage. The cytogenetic evaluation was performed using the conventional G banding method on the BM.ResultsPatients’ median age was 62.3 (ranged from 50–76), and the majority were male (72.8%). The most common clinical symptom at the time of admission was fatigue (n = 33) followed by pallor (n = 27). The most common subgroup was MDS-Multi Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-MLD) (n = 38, 36.8%), followed by MDS-Single Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-SLD) (n = 28, 18.4%). A normal karyotype was observed in 59 patients (57.3%), while 44 patients (42.7%) had cytogenetic abnormalities. Trisomy 8 (+ 8) was the most common cytogenetic abnormality (n = 14) followed by del 17p (n = 9) and monosomy 7 (− 7) (n = 7). Twelve patients (11.65%) were transformed to AML.ConclusionOur data betokened that among our MDS patients, Trisomy 8 is the predominant cytogenetic abnormality, and MDS-MLD and MDS-SLD are the most common of subtypes. Noteworthy, the male: female ratio was slightly higher in Iran than in previous reports from other parts of the world. Our study is the first report of the clinical, hematological, and cytogenetic spectrum of MDS patients in Iran
Highlights
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDSs) are a group of hematopoietic disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, dysplasia of hematopoietic cells, and cytopenia in one or more blood cell lineages [1]
Pancytopenia and single or multilineage dysplasia are observed in the PB, whereas less than 20% blasts and hematopoietic cells dysplasia are detected in the bone marrow (BM)
Patients and study design This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 patients with MDS referred to Shafa Hospital in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran, from 2014 to 2018
Summary
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDSs) are a group of hematopoietic disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, dysplasia of hematopoietic cells, and cytopenia in one or more blood cell lineages [1]. In the United States, MDS incidence is 3–4 per 100,000 annually and increases with age [3] This disease is more prevalent in men than women, except for the 5q deletion subgroup, which is more common in women [4]. The disease course is very variable, ranging from an indolent to an aggressive state It is often associated with an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transformation and a short survival rate [5]. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancy, has been shown to present different cytogenetic abnormalities, risk factors, and clinico-hematological features in different populations and geographic areas. We determined the cytogenetic spectrum and clinico-hematological features of Iranian MDS patients for the first time
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