Clinico-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease in a tertiary care center – a retrospective descriptive study

Dr Pramila Ramawat,Dr Nilesh Jain

doi:10.17511/ijpr.2020.i07.02

Abstract

Aims and objective: To study the clinical-epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease inhospitalized children. Material and methods: A retrospective study was planned in a tertiary carecenter in Central India. Children between ages 1 month to 14 years with CHD were included in thisstudy. Type of CHD, clinical presentation, anthropometry, demographic profile, and the outcome wasrecorded. Result: A total of 65 patients were included in the study. 43 patients were suffering fromacyanotic CHD and 22 were having cyanotic CHD. Most of the children admitted were below 1 yearof age (n-67%). Males (42) were more reported in the present study than females (23).Conclusion: CHDs are one of the commonest birth defects, timely diagnosis and intervention arevery important to decrease mortality and morbidity in pediatric patients.

Highlights

Congenital heart diseases are the most common malformations or defects in babies responsible for 28% of cases of congenital birth defects [1]
Children admitted to the pediatric department with CHD during this period were included in the study
Appropriate management is very important in these children to improve survival and decreased hospitalization need

Summary

Introduction

Congenital heart diseases are the most common malformations or defects in babies responsible for 28% of cases of congenital birth defects [1]. In India prevalence of CHD at birth is 9/1000 live birth so an estimated 2,40,000 children born with congenital heart defects every year in our country [2]. Most of the time it missed in the newborn period due to late clinical presentation with the change in cardiovascular physiology especially pressure changes in heart chambers and major arteries. Many times its presentation is delayed or diagnosed incidentally when the child came for other health issues. It may be diagnosed from infancy to adolescence and sometimes in adulthood depending on the type of CHD and its presentation as well as the knowledge, care, and concern of caregivers. Untreated CHD in most cases associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, responsible for a large impact on families, societies, and a big challenge for health care providers

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Discussion

Conclusion