Clinico-Demographic Characteristics of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: A Single Tertiary Center Retrospective Study in Bohol, Philippines

Abstract

Abstract Introduction/Objective Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to be a global threat until the present. Most of the infected patients are asymptomatic which can be a challenge in controlling the spread of disease. Antibody detection by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) is a good complementary test to Real-Time Reverse Transcription – Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) as an indirect marker for disease. Methods/Case Report This retrospective study assessed the clinico-demographic characteristics of 184 SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibody-reactive patients at Gov. Celestino Gallares Memorial Hospital from July 1, 2020 – May 31, 2021. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) A total of 184 cases were included in the study out of 4,138 patients tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies by CLIA. Within this population, 97 were outpatients and 87 were inpatients. Majority of patients needing hospitalization were aged ≥60-year-old males (33.33%) and that the probability of being admitted decreases with younger age. Most of the outpatients who were reactive to antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were frontline workers compared to non-frontline workers and non-workers (27.84% versus 1.03% and 19.59%). Most common comorbidities were hypertension (24.46%), cardiovascular disease (15.76%), diabetes mellitus (11.41%), and chronic kidney disease (11.41%). All five mortalities were diagnosed hypertensive who later developed critical disease. Conclusion The continued use of antibody detection by CLIA as a complementary test with rRT-PCR is still recommended not only for better detection of COVID-19 especially in asymptomatic patients but also to observe changes in antibody titer especially in the advent of COVID-19 vaccines.