Clinico-Biological Profile of the Azoosperm Patient at the Urology and Andrology Department, Conakry University Hospital

Mamadou Diawo Bah,Mamadou Bobo Diallo,Ibrahima Bah,Oumar Raphiou Bah,Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo,Mamadou Bissiriou Bah,Mamadou Ii Barry,Daouda Kante,Thierno Mamadou Oury Diallo,Demba Cisse,Lahoumbo Ricardo Gnammi

doi:10.4236/oju.2020.1012035

Abstract

Objective: Azoospermia is one of the most important causes of couple infertility. The objective of our study is to report the clinical-biological profile of the azoosperm patient to the Urology-Andrology Department of the Conakry University teaching Hospital. It aims to take stock of the diagnostic management of azoospermia at this time where the world scientific community seems to be turned towards the intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the treatment of men with severe spermiological dysfunction. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive retrospective study lasting 12 months from January 1 to December 31, 2015. It collected 151 patients out of a set of 544 follow-ups for desire to have children. Were included the patients whose files contained all the information of the clinical observation (general information, reason for consultation, evolution, history, data of the physical examination) and a paraclinical assessment consisting of the FSH level and two spermograms spaced three months, confirming the diagnosis of azoospermia. Results: The mean age was 36.4 years with extremes of 23 and 56 years old. Urogenital infections (36.4%) followed by a notion of inguinal surgery had been the main patients’ history. Primary infertility accounted for 76.8% of cases. The mean duration of infertility was 6.5 years with extremes of 2 and 19 years. Azoospermia affected 27.76% of patients who consulted for the desire to have a child. It was judged secretory in 59.6% of cases, excretory in 25.8% of cases, and undetermined in 14.6% of cases. Varicocele was the main associated abnormality (46.3%) followed by testicular hypotrophy (36.4%). Neisseria Gonorrhoeae was the most common germ in sperm culture (21.7%). Chlamydia serology was positive in 21.7% of patients. Conclusion: Azoospermia affects a non-negligible proportion of men admitted by consulting for desire to have a child in our context. Strengthening the diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal is necessary to improve the care of affected patients.

Highlights

Azoospermia is the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate [1]
The objective of our study is to report the clinical-biological profile of the azoosperm patient to the Urology-Andrology Department of the Conakry University teaching Hospital
It aims to take stock of the diagnostic management of azoospermia at this time where the world scientific community seems to be turned towards the intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the treatment of men with severe spermiological dysfunction

Summary

Introduction

Azoospermia is the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate [1]. It affects less than 1% of men in the general population either 5% to 15% of infertile men, and is one of the most serious causes of couple’s under fertility [2] [3] [4]. A distinction is made between secretory azoospermia (non-obstructive) resulting from a defect in testicular sperm production, and excretory (obstructive) azoospermia linked to the existence of an obstacle on the genital tract The combination of these two types of azoospermia is possible (mixed azoospermia) [1]. The management of azoospermia has made significant progress due to recent advances in assisted reproduction techniques and the breakthrough in the technique of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. It requires careful exploration of the azoosperm patient by collecting some clinical data, spermiological, hormonal, ultrasound, genetic and histological.

Patients and Method

Results

Discussion

Conclusion