Clinico-bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infection in Selected Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Eastern India: An Observational Study

Abstract

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) throughout the world is increasing strikingly and is becoming a serious public health problem especially in the developing countries. Infections are important cause of death in diabetes and remain a very important cause of morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes. Most common type of diabetes in Indian population is type 2 DM. Most common infection associated with DM found to be urinary tract infections (UTI). Objective: The main objectives of this study were to isolate, identify and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of microbiological agents of UTI in type 2 DM patients and assess prognosis of these patients with prescribed antimicrobial treatment regimen. Results and Discussions: We conducted the study from December 2013 to December 2018 in the department of microbiology from the patients attending the outpatients department of a tertiary care hospital. In this study, total 774 non-repetitive patients’ samples were included but 14 samples were contaminated and lost from follow-up. Thus, available data for analysis were 760 samples. Total 254 samples showed significant growth (32.82%). Most common isolated pathogen was Escherichia coli. In our study, 17.82% patients were asymptomatic but culture positive. The asymptomatic patients with positive urine culture turn up with symptomatic UTI, often with complications. Conclusion: UTI with multidrug-resistant organism in outpatients has emerged; limiting the treatment options in the high-risk groups. The need for an antibiotic policy based on adequate and continuous monitoring of susceptibility patterns in the institutions is recommended.