CLINICAL-OBJECTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONDITION OF MALIGNANT FORMATIONS OF THE SKIN

Abstract

Relevance. The diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the scalp and neck is an urgent problem of modern oncology, as there is a steady increase in this pathology. At the same time, late diagnosis and frequent recurrences remain. Objective. The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of clinical and objective characteristics of the signs of malignant neoplasms of the skin in comparison with morphological studies. Materials and methods. 110 patients with malignant skin tumors were examined: 80 (72.7%) patients with malignant neoplasms of the face and 30 (27.3%) patients with skin lesions of the body, aged 48–70 years. Of them 82 (74.5%) were men and 28 (25.5%) were women. At first differential diagnosis of skin tumors was performed on the basis of objective signs: contours, edges, color, size, ulcers, etc., and secondly by clinical symptoms: complaints of patients with tumors, pain, itching, bleeding. Results. All the patients underwent surgical treatment according to the radical program. The postoperative period proceeded without complications during the year. In addition, the immunohistochemical examination of the material was performed in 12 patients due to the need to confirm the diagnosis. The results of the morphological examination were confirmed in all patients. So, it should be determined that the clinical semiotics (diagnosis) of the examined patients in 100% is confirmed by morphological examination. Conclusion. 1. If there is a clinical suspicion to malignant skin tumor, a morphological examination should be performed in a specialized laboratory. 2. Our clinical examinations and objective signs in patients with suspected malignant skin disease were confirmed by morphological examination in 100%. 3. Knowledge of clinical objective features help in rapid detection of correct diagnosis and needed timely surgical treatment. Key words: malignant tumors, the skin of external nose and ear, clinical semiotics, and morphological diagnosis.